Each node, independently, decides to send an Ethernet frame to the other node.
Both nodes listen to the Ethernet wire and sense that no carrier is present.
Both nodes transmit simultaneously, causing a collision.
Both nodes detect the collision and each node waits a random amount of time before transmitting again.
Collisions are normal on an Ethernet network. A small amount of collisions are expected in the protocol design.
If too many nodes are transmitting on an Ethernet network the number of collisions can rise to an unacceptable level. This can reduce the amount of available bandwidth on an Ethernet network because so much bandwidth is lost in retransmission.
Ethernet switches greatly reduce the already minor difficulties experienced with the CSMA/CD protocol.
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